• ceftriaxone

Trick of the Trade: Mix Ceftriaxone IM with Lidocaine for Less Pain

By |Categories: Tox & Medications|

Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is frequently administered intramuscularly (IM) in emergency medicine. However, these injections hurt — A LOT! Can we do anything to minimize the pain? [+]

Shuhan He, MD
ALiEM Senior Systems Engineer;
Director of Growth, Strategic Alliance Initiative, [+]

Mythbusting the Banana Bag

By |Categories: Endocrine-Metabolic, Expert Peer Reviewed (Clinical), Pre Publication Critique (Clinical), Tox & Medications|

We’re all pretty familiar with the banana bag: intravenous (IV) fluids with the addition of thiamine, folic acid, multivitamins, and sometimes magnesium. Banana bags are commonly utilized in patients at risk for alcohol withdrawal symptoms or those who present to the emergency department (ED) acutely intoxicated. [+]

US4TW Case: 30M with Blunt Abdominal Trauma

By |Categories: Expert Peer Reviewed (Clinical), Pre Publication Critique (Clinical), Trauma, Ultrasound, Ultrasound for the Win|

Welcome to another ultrasound-based case, part of the “Ultrasound For The Win!” (#US4TW) Case Series. In this peer-reviewed case series, we focus on real clinical cases where bedside ultrasound changed management or aided in diagnoses. In today’s case, a 30-year-old male is brought in after blunt trauma from a high-speed MVC. [+]

Jeffrey Shih, MD, RDMS

Director, Emergency Ultrasound Fellowship Program [+]

Diagnose on Sight: 6 year old with elbow pain

By |Categories: Diagnose on Sight, Orthopedic, Pediatrics|

Case: A previously healthy 6 year old male presents with left elbow pain after wrestling with a friend. What is the diagnosis? Click on image for a larger view. [+]

Shuhan He, MD
ALiEM Senior Systems Engineer;
Director of Growth, Strategic Alliance Initiative, Center for Innovation and [+]

Antibiotics, Myasthenia Gravis, and Risk of Weakness

By |Categories: Rheumatology, Tox & Medications|

A 71 year old female presents to the ED with lethargy, fever (39.5 C), and tachypnea (RR 28 rpm). She has a long-standing history of myasthenia gravis (MG) for which she receives periodic IVIG infusions. She is accompanied by her son, who informs you that she had a recent 10-day hospital stay for weakness. A CXR reveals an infiltrate in the left lower lobe. The decision is made to initiate antimicrobial therapy for presumed healthcare-associated pneumonia. But, which antibiotics are safe to use in a patient with severe MG? [+]

Valproic Acid-Induced Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy

By |Categories: Tox & Medications|

Valproic acid is used for a variety of clinical indications including seizures, migraine prophylaxis and treatment, and bipolar disorder. A metabolite of valproic acid, thought to be propionic acid, has the ability to increase ammonia levels by inhibiting a step in the hepatic urea cycle, which may lead to valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. As a result, patients treated with valproic acid presenting with signs and symptoms of acute mental status changes, increased seizure frequency, and/or gastrointestinal symptoms should be evaluated for elevated ammonia concentrations. [+]

Blunt Chest Trauma: Validation of the NEXUS Chest Rule

By |Categories: Expert Peer Reviewed (Clinical), Radiology, Trauma|

We commonly see patients who have some form of blunt chest trauma. This is the result of motor vehicle collisions, falls, and a myriad of other traumatic events. The decision to perform thoracic imaging can be difficult. Chest xray (CXR) and/or chest CT? In fact, studies have shown that emergency and trauma physicians often disagree 28-40.9% of the time about which patients require a chest CT following blunt trauma. 1,2 [+]

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning – It’s That Time of Year Again

By |Categories: Tox & Medications|

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may be the most common cause of fatal poisonings worldwide. 1 The majority of poisonings occur in the Fall and Winter. It is that time of year when heaters that have lain dormant all summer are flicked on, sometimes in enclosed areas, introducing CO fumes into homes. The pathophysiology is complex, and not fully understood, but all ED physicians should be aware of the signs and symptoms of CO toxicity, and know how to treat it. [+]

Top 10 Reasons NOT to Order a CT Pan Scan in a Stable Blunt Trauma Patient

By |Categories: Radiology, Trauma|

The pendulum has swung one way with CT for trauma, but has it gone too far? Liberal use of CT raises concerns over resource utilization, cost, and the consequences of radiation exposure [1,2]. No-one can seem to agree, including trauma surgeons, on guidelines for a more selective use of imaging studies [3-6]. “CT pan scan” is the term, source unclear, which describes the whole body CT (WBCT) imaging strategy used in blunt trauma management. It consists of the following CT studies: [+]

Trick of the Trade: Insect removal from the ear

By |Categories: ENT, Tricks of the Trade|

Insect removal from the ear is a foreign body removal procedure with unique considerations. First, insects are friable. Have you ever squashed a house centipede? It’s like their 700 legs are spring-loaded to fall off instantly when touched. This characteristic makes mechanical removal by alligator forceps or cerumen loops less reliable. Second, they are alive which means they can move during your attempted extraction procedure. [+]

Shuhan He, MD
ALiEM Senior Systems Engineer;
Director of Growth, Strategic Alliance Initiative, Center for Innovation and Digital Health
Massachusetts General Hospital;
Chief Scientific Officer, Conductscience.com
Shuhan He, MD